s
II. 名词的数party的：
1. 规则名词的复数：
名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下：
规则 例词
1一般情况在词尾加-s
map-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days
2以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词后加-es
class-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes
3以-f或-fe结尾的词
变-f和-fe为v再加-es
leaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, loaf-loaves, wife-wives
加-s
belief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs, gulf-gulfs
4以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加-es
party-parties, family-families, story-stories, city-cities
5以元音字母加y结尾的名词，或专有名词以y结尾的，加-s
toy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys
6以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词
一般加-es
hero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes
不少外来词加-s
piano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos
两者皆可
zero-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos
7以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-s
radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos
8以-th结尾的名词加-s
truth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths,
2. 不规则名词复数：
英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下：
规则 例词
1改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式
man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice
2单复数相同
sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species li, yuan, jin,
3只有复数形式
ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, contents
4一些集体名词总是用作复数
people, police, cattle, staff
5部分集体名词既可以作单数（整体）也可以作复数（成员）
audience, class, family, crowd, couple, group, committee, government, population, crew, team, public, enemy, party
6复数形式表示特别含义
customs(海关), forces(军队), times(时代), spirits(情绪), drinks(饮料), sands(沙滩), papers(文件报纸), manners(礼貌), looks(外表), brains(头脑智力), greens(青菜), ruins(废墟)
7表示“某国人”加-s
Americans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans
单复数同形
Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese
以-man或-woman结尾的改为-men,-women
Englishmen, Frenchwomen
8
合成名词将主体名词变为复数
sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy friends
无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数
grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches
将两部分变为复数
women singers, men servants